Impact Of Technology On Asian Students And United States...

Technology is also very important with a student’ education. There are so many uses for technology that can show beneficial for both Asian students and United States students. Throughout the United States there is a wide variety of technology available for teachers. Mathematics Analysis Software, like scientific calculators, function graphers, and geometry packages are made available for students. Since the 1990’s a change in mathematics education has taken place because of the implementation of new ways to help students understand math a little better. This new way helps to implement information technology advancements (Tcheang, 2014). Informational Textbooks It is very important to incorporate textbooks into math lessons.†¦show more content†¦Books from Singapore are being shipped for use throughout American classrooms, NPR s Robert Smith reports. These text books are thin, paperback affairs filled with pictures and story problems and English written (Smith, 2001). Asian countries like Singapore, have math textbooks that have aroused the interest of educators around America since the nation outscored the rest of the world. In 1996, the 1995 Third International Mathematics and Science Study was released. Teachers from the United States then began purchasing math programs from Singapore to use in their own schools. There are over 100 elementary schools throughout the United States that have purchased textbooks from Singapore according to singaporemath.com, the Oregon City, Ore.-based distributor of the books (Hoff, 2002). Self Determination A child can be motivated to learn, but they have to want to learn as well. There is a myth that Asian American students are born smart, especially when it comes to math. Students of the Asian culture’s emphasis on academic achievement seems to be either the wanting of themselves to succeed or because social environment says you have to succeed (Zhao Qui, 2009). Whichever way the student might think, research agrees that Asian students higher academics is totally a matter of the student wanting to be successful and not a matter of biological imperative (Zhao Qui, 2009). Students in Asian countries use

Pie 123 Free Essays

1. External  economies  of  scale  arise  when  the  cost  per  unit A. rises  as  the  industry  grows  larger. We will write a custom essay sample on Pie 123 or any similar topic only for you Order Now B. falls  as  the  industry  grows  larger  rises  as  the  average  firm  grows  larger. C. falls  as  the  average  firm  grows  larger. D. remains  constant. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  B 2. Internal  economies  of  scale  arise  when  the  cost  per  unit A. rises  as  the  industry  grows  larger. B. falls  as  the  industry  grows  larger. C. rises  as  the  average  firm  grows  larger. D. falls  as  the  average  firm  grows  larger. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  D 3. External  economies  of  scale A. ay  be  associated  with  a  perfectly  competitive  industry. B. cannot  be  associated  with  a  perfectly  competitive  industry. C. tends  to  result  in  one  huge  monopoly. D. tends  to  result  in  large  profits  for  each  firm. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  A 4. Internal   economies  of  scale A. may  be  associated  with  a  perfectly  competitive  industry. B. cannot  be  associated  with  a  perfectly  competitive  industry. C. are  associated  only  with  sophisticated  products  such  as  aircraft. D. cannot  form  the  basis  for  international  trade  . E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  B 5. A  monopolistic  firm A. an  sell  as  much  as  it  wants  for  any  price  it  determines  in  the  market. B. cannot  determine  the  price,  which  is  determined  by  consumer  demand. C. will  never  sell  a  product  whose  demand  is  inelastic  at  the  quantity  sold. D. cannot  sell  additional  quantity  unless  it  raises  the  price  on  each  unit. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  C 7 6. Monopolistic  competition  is  associated  with A. cut-throat  price  competition. B. product  differentiation. C. explicit  consideration  at  firm  level  of  the  feedback  effects  of  other  firms’ pricing  decisions. D. high  profit  margins. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  B 29. Two  countries  engaged  in  trade  in  products  with  no  scale  economies,  produced under  conditions  of  perfect  competition,  are  likely  to  be  engaged  in A. monopolistic  competition. B. inter-industry  trade. C. intra-industry  trade. D. Heckscher-Ohlin  trade. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  B 19. A  monopoly  firm  engaged  in  international  trade  will A. equate  average  to  local  costs. B. equate  marginal  costs  with  foreign  marginal  revenues. C. equate  marginal  costs  with  the  highest  price  the  market  will  bear. D. equate  marginal  costs  with  marginal  revenues  in  both  domestic  and  in foreign  markets. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  D 9. Where  there  are  economies  of  scale,  the  scale  of  production  possible  in  a  country is  constrained  by A. the  size  of  the  country. B. the  size  of  the  trading  partner’s  country. C. the  size  of  the  domestic  market. D. the  size  of  the  domestic  plus  the  foreign  market. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  D Brown field : , Green field : 21. A  firm  in  monopolistic  competition A. earns  positive  monopoly  profits  because  each  sells  a  differentiated product. B. earns  positive  oligopoly  profits  because  each  firm  sells  a  differentiated product. C. earns  zero  economic  profits  because  it  is  in  perfectly  or  pure  competition. D. earns  zero  economic  profits  because  of  free  entry. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  D 16. International  trade  based  on  scale  economies  is  likely  to  be  associated  with A. Ricardian  comparative  advantage. B. comparative  advantage  associated  with  Heckscher-Ohlin  factor- proportions. C. comparative  advantage  based  on  quality  and  service. D. comparative  advantage  based  on  diminishing  returns. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  E ———————————————Ch7———————————————- . The  effective  rate  of  protection  measures A. the  Ã¢â‚¬Å"true†Ã‚  ad  valorum  value  of  a  tariff. B. the  quota  equivalent  value  of  a  tariff. C. the  efficiency  with  which  the  tariff  is  collected  at  the  customhouse. D. the  protection  given  by  the  tariff  to  domestic  value  added. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  D 1. Specific  tariffs  are A. import  taxes  stated  in  specific  legal  statutes. B. import  taxes  calculated  as  a  fixed  charge  for  each  unit  of  imported  goods. C. import  taxes  calculated  as  a  fraction  of  the  value  of  the  imported  goods. D. the  same  as  import  quotas. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  B . Ad  valorem  tariffs  are A. import  taxes  stated  in  ads  in  industry  publications. B. import  taxes  calculated  as  a  fixed  charge  for  each  unit  of  imported  goods. A. import  taxes  calculated  as  a  fraction  of  the  value  of  the  imported  goods. B. the  same  as  import  quotas C. None  of  the  above. Answer:  C The  main  redistribution  effect  of  a  tariff  is  the  transfer  of  income  from A. domestic  producers  to  domestic  buyers. B. domestic  buyers  to  domestic  producers. C. domestic  producers  to  domestic  government. D. domestic  government  to  domestic  consumers. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  B 21. Which  of  the  following  policies  permits  a  specified  quantity  of  goods  to  be imported  at  one  tariff  rate  and  a  higher  tariff  rate  to  imports  above  this  quantity? A. Import  tariff B. Voluntary  exports  restraint C. Tariff  quota D. Ad  valorum  tariff E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  C 22. Should  the  home  country  be  Ã¢â‚¬Å"large†Ã‚  relative  to  its  trade  partners,  its  imposition  of a  tariff  on  imports  would  lead  to  an  increase  in  domestic  welfare  if  the  terms  of the  trade  rectangle  exceed  the  sum  of  the A. revenue  effect  plus  redistribution  effect. B. protective  effect  plus  revenue  effect. C. consumption  effect  plus  redistribution  effect. D. protective  distortion  effect  plus  consumption  distortion  effect. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  D An import quota: Is always more costly to a country than an import tariff. Has the same effects on welfare as an import tariff. Generates rents that might go to foreigners. Is always less costly to a country than an import tariff. - - ? ? ——————————-Ch9——————————————- 27. The  imperfect  capital  market  justification  for  infant  industry  promotion A. Assumes  that  new  industries  will  tend  to  have  low  profits. B. Assumes  that  infant  industries  will  soon  mature. C. Assumes  that  infant  industries  will  be  in  products  of  comparative advantage. D. Assumes  that  banks  can  allocate  resources  efficiently. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  A 2. Sophisticated  theoretical  arguments  supporting  import-substitution  policies include A. Terms  of  trade  effects. B. Scale  economy  arguments. C. Learning  curve  considerations. D. The  problem  of  appropriability. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  D 14. Which  industrialization  policy  used  by  developing  countries  places  emphasis  on the  comparative  advantage  principle  as  a  guide  to  resource  allocation? A. Export  promotion. B. Import  substitution. C. International  commodity  agreements. D. Infant  Industry  promotion. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  A 1. The  infant  industry  argument  was  an  important  theoretical  basis  for A. Neo-colonialist  theory  of  international  exploitation. B. Import  Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ‚  substituting  industrialization. C. Historiography  of  the  industrial  revolution  in  Western  Europe. D. East-Asian  miracle. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  B 6. The  wage  differential  theory  which  argued  that  shifting  resources  from  agriculture to  manufacturing  entailed  positive  social  benefits  implied  that A. Free  trade  policies  would  promote  competitiveness. B. Free  trade  policies  would  promote  economic  growth  for  both  static  and dynamic  reasons. C. Protectionism  was  likely  to  lead  to  economic  stagnation. D. Protectionism  and  import  substitution  was  likely  to  promote  economic growth. Answer:  D 12. Which  trade  strategy  have  developing  countries  used  to  restrict  imports  of manufactured  goods  so  that  the  domestic  market  is  preserved  for  home  producers, who  thus  can  take  over  markets  already  established  in  the  country? A. International  commodity  agreement. B. Export  promotion. C. Multilateral  contract. D. Import  substitution. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  D 18. Import  substitution  policies  make  use  of A. Tariffs  that  discourage  goods  from  entering  a  country. B. Quotas  applied  to  goods  that  are  shipped  abroad. C. Production  subsidies  granted  to  industries  with  comparative  advantage. D. Tax  breaks  granted  to  industries  with  comparative  advantage. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  A 25. The  infant  industry  argument  is  that A. Comparative  advantage  is  irrelevant  to  economic  growth B. Developing  countries  have  a  comparative  advantage  in  agricultural  goods. C. Developing  countries  have  a  comparative  advantage  in  manufacturing. D. Developing  countries  have  a  potential  comparative  advantage  in manufacturing. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  D 26. The  infant  industry  argument  calls  for  active  government  involvement A. Only  if  the  government  forecasts  are  accurate. B. Only  if  some  market  failure  can  be  identified. C. Only  if  the  industry  is  not  one  already  dominated  by  industrial  countries. D. Only  if  the  industry  has  a  high  value  added. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  B 30. Import  substitution  policies  have  over  time  tended  to  involve  all  but  the  following A. Overlapping  import  quotas. B. Exchange  controls. C. Domestic  content  rules. D. Simple  tariffs. E. Multiple  exchange  rate  schemes. Answer:  D 35. The  HPAE  (High  Performance  Asian  Economies)  countries A. Have  all  consistently  supported  free  trade  policies. B. Have  all  consistently  maintained  import-substitution  policies. C. Have  all  consistently  maintained  non-biased  efficient  free  capital  markets . D. Have  all  maintained  openness  to  international  trade. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  D ================================ch11========================== 1. The  world’s  economies  can  be  divided  into  four  main  categories  according  to their  annual  per-capita  income  levels:  low-income,  lower  middle-income,  upper middle-  income  and  high-income  economies. What  category  would  Pakistan  and India  fall  under? A. Low-income B. Upper  middle-  income C. High-income D. Lower  middle-income E. Pakistan  and  India  fall  between  lower-middle  and  upper-middle Answer:  A 2. While  many  developing  countries  have  reformed  their  economies  in  order  to imitate  the  success  of  the  successful  industrial  economies,  the  process  remains incomplete  and  most  developing  countries  tend  to  be  characterized  by  all  of  the following  except: A. Seigniorage B. Control  of  capital  movements  by  limiting  foreign  exchange  transactions connected  with  trade  in  assets. C. Use  of  natural  resources  or  agricultural  commodities  as  an  important  share of  exports. D. A  worse  job  of  directing  savings  toward  their  most  efficient  investment uses. E. Reduced  corruption  and  poverty  due  to  limited  underground  markets. Answer:  E 4. Compared  with  industrialized  economies,  most  developing  countries  are  poor  in the  factors  of  production  essential  to  modern  industry:  These  factors  are A. capital  and  skilled  labor B. capital  and  unskilled  labor C. fertile  land  and  unskilled  labor D. fertile  land  and  skilled  labor E. water  and  capital Answer:  A 5. The  main  factors  that  discourage  investment  in  capital  and  skills  in  developing countries  are: A. olitical  instability,  insecure  property  rights B. political  instability,  insecure  property  rights,  misguided  economic  policies C. political  instability,  misguided  economic  po licies D. political  instability E. insecure  property  rights,  misguided  economic  policies Answer:  B 6. The  world’s  economies  can  be  divided  into  four  main  categories  according  to their  annual  per-capita  income  levels:  low-income,  lower  middle-income,  upper middle-  income  and  high-income  economies. What  category  would  sub-Saharan Africa  fall  under? A. Low-income B. Upper  middle-  income C. High-income D. Lower  middle-income E. Sub-Saharan  Africa  falls  between  lower-middle  and  upper-middle Answer:  A 7. The  world’s  economies  can  be  divided  into  four  main  categories  according  to their  annual  per-capita  income  levels:  low-income,  lower  middle-income,  upper middle-  income  and  high-income  economies. What  category  would  mainland China  fall  under? A. Low-income B. Upper  middle-  income C. High-income D. Lower  middle-income Answer:  B 8. The  world’s  economies  can  be  divided  into  four  main  categories  according  to their  annual  per-capita  income  levels:  low-income,  lower  middle-income,  upper middle-  income  and  high-income  economies. What  category  would  the  smaller Latin  American  and  Caribbean  countries  fall  under? A. Low-income B. Upper  middle-  income C. High-income D. Lower  middle-income E. Smaller  Latin  American  and  Caribbean  countries  fall  between  low  income and  lower  middle  income Answer:  D 9. The  world’s  economies  can  be  divided  into  four  main  categories  according  to their  annual  per-capita  income  levels:  low-income,  lower  middle-income,  upper middle-  income  and  high-income  economies. What  category  would  the  Saudi Arabia  falls  under? A. Low-income B. Upper  middle-  income C. High-income D. Lower  middle-income E. Saudi  Arabia  falls  between  low  income  and  lower  middle  income economies Answer:  B 10. The  world’s  economies  can  be  divided  into  four  main  categories  according  to their  annual  per-capita  income  levels:  low-income,  lower  middle-income,  upper middle-  income  and  high-income  economies. What  category  would  the  Turkey falls  under? A. Low-income B. Upper  middle-  income C. High-income D. Lower  middle-income E. Turkey  falls  between  low  income  and  lower  middle  income  economies Answer:  B 11. The  world’s  economies  can  be  divided  into  four  main  categories  according  to their  annual  per-capita  income  levels:  low-income,  lower  middle-income,  upper middle-  income  and  high-income  economies. What  category  would  the  Poland, Hungary,  and  the  Czech  and  Slovak  Republics  fall  under? A. Low-income B. Upper  middle-  income C. High-income D. Lower  middle-income E. Poland,  Hungary,  and  the  Czech  and  Slovak  Republics  fall  between  low income  and  lower  middle  income  economies Answer:  B How to cite Pie 123, Essay examples Pie 123 Free Essays 1. External  economies  of  scale  arise  when  the  cost  per  unit A. rises  as  the  industry  grows  larger. We will write a custom essay sample on Pie 123 or any similar topic only for you Order Now B. falls  as  the  industry  grows  larger  rises  as  the  average  firm  grows  larger. C. falls  as  the  average  firm  grows  larger. D. remains  constant. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  B 2. Internal  economies  of  scale  arise  when  the  cost  per  unit A. rises  as  the  industry  grows  larger. B. falls  as  the  industry  grows  larger. C. rises  as  the  average  firm  grows  larger. D. falls  as  the  average  firm  grows  larger. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  D 3. External  economies  of  scale A. ay  be  associated  with  a  perfectly  competitive  industry. B. cannot  be  associated  with  a  perfectly  competitive  industry. C. tends  to  result  in  one  huge  monopoly. D. tends  to  result  in  large  profits  for  each  firm. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  A 4. Internal   economies  of  scale A. may  be  associated  with  a  perfectly  competitive  industry. B. cannot  be  associated  with  a  perfectly  competitive  industry. C. are  associated  only  with  sophisticated  products  such  as  aircraft. D. cannot  form  the  basis  for  international  trade  . E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  B 5. A  monopolistic  firm A. an  sell  as  much  as  it  wants  for  any  price  it  determines  in  the  market. B. cannot  determine  the  price,  which  is  determined  by  consumer  demand. C. will  never  sell  a  product  whose  demand  is  inelastic  at  the  quantity  sold. D. cannot  sell  additional  quantity  unless  it  raises  the  price  on  each  unit. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  C 7 6. Monopolistic  competition  is  associated  with A. cut-throat  price  competition. B. product  differentiation. C. explicit  consideration  at  firm  level  of  the  feedback  effects  of  other  firms’ pricing  decisions. D. high  profit  margins. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  B 29. Two  countries  engaged  in  trade  in  products  with  no  scale  economies,  produced under  conditions  of  perfect  competition,  are  likely  to  be  engaged  in A. monopolistic  competition. B. inter-industry  trade. C. intra-industry  trade. D. Heckscher-Ohlin  trade. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  B 19. A  monopoly  firm  engaged  in  international  trade  will A. equate  average  to  local  costs. B. equate  marginal  costs  with  foreign  marginal  revenues. C. equate  marginal  costs  with  the  highest  price  the  market  will  bear. D. equate  marginal  costs  with  marginal  revenues  in  both  domestic  and  in foreign  markets. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  D 9. Where  there  are  economies  of  scale,  the  scale  of  production  possible  in  a  country is  constrained  by A. the  size  of  the  country. B. the  size  of  the  trading  partner’s  country. C. the  size  of  the  domestic  market. D. the  size  of  the  domestic  plus  the  foreign  market. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  D Brown field : , Green field : 21. A  firm  in  monopolistic  competition A. earns  positive  monopoly  profits  because  each  sells  a  differentiated product. B. earns  positive  oligopoly  profits  because  each  firm  sells  a  differentiated product. C. earns  zero  economic  profits  because  it  is  in  perfectly  or  pure  competition. D. earns  zero  economic  profits  because  of  free  entry. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  D 16. International  trade  based  on  scale  economies  is  likely  to  be  associated  with A. Ricardian  comparative  advantage. B. comparative  advantage  associated  with  Heckscher-Ohlin  factor- proportions. C. comparative  advantage  based  on  quality  and  service. D. comparative  advantage  based  on  diminishing  returns. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  E ———————————————Ch7———————————————- . The  effective  rate  of  protection  measures A. the  Ã¢â‚¬Å"true†Ã‚  ad  valorum  value  of  a  tariff. B. the  quota  equivalent  value  of  a  tariff. C. the  efficiency  with  which  the  tariff  is  collected  at  the  customhouse. D. the  protection  given  by  the  tariff  to  domestic  value  added. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  D 1. Specific  tariffs  are A. import  taxes  stated  in  specific  legal  statutes. B. import  taxes  calculated  as  a  fixed  charge  for  each  unit  of  imported  goods. C. import  taxes  calculated  as  a  fraction  of  the  value  of  the  imported  goods. D. the  same  as  import  quotas. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  B . Ad  valorem  tariffs  are A. import  taxes  stated  in  ads  in  industry  publications. B. import  taxes  calculated  as  a  fixed  charge  for  each  unit  of  imported  goods. A. import  taxes  calculated  as  a  fraction  of  the  value  of  the  imported  goods. B. the  same  as  import  quotas C. None  of  the  above. Answer:  C The  main  redistribution  effect  of  a  tariff  is  the  transfer  of  income  from A. domestic  producers  to  domestic  buyers. B. domestic  buyers  to  domestic  producers. C. domestic  producers  to  domestic  government. D. domestic  government  to  domestic  consumers. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  B 21. Which  of  the  following  policies  permits  a  specified  quantity  of  goods  to  be imported  at  one  tariff  rate  and  a  higher  tariff  rate  to  imports  above  this  quantity? A. Import  tariff B. Voluntary  exports  restraint C. Tariff  quota D. Ad  valorum  tariff E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  C 22. Should  the  home  country  be  Ã¢â‚¬Å"large†Ã‚  relative  to  its  trade  partners,  its  imposition  of a  tariff  on  imports  would  lead  to  an  increase  in  domestic  welfare  if  the  terms  of the  trade  rectangle  exceed  the  sum  of  the A. revenue  effect  plus  redistribution  effect. B. protective  effect  plus  revenue  effect. C. consumption  effect  plus  redistribution  effect. D. protective  distortion  effect  plus  consumption  distortion  effect. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  D An import quota: Is always more costly to a country than an import tariff. Has the same effects on welfare as an import tariff. Generates rents that might go to foreigners. Is always less costly to a country than an import tariff. - - ? ? ——————————-Ch9——————————————- 27. The  imperfect  capital  market  justification  for  infant  industry  promotion A. Assumes  that  new  industries  will  tend  to  have  low  profits. B. Assumes  that  infant  industries  will  soon  mature. C. Assumes  that  infant  industries  will  be  in  products  of  comparative advantage. D. Assumes  that  banks  can  allocate  resources  efficiently. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  A 2. Sophisticated  theoretical  arguments  supporting  import-substitution  policies include A. Terms  of  trade  effects. B. Scale  economy  arguments. C. Learning  curve  considerations. D. The  problem  of  appropriability. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  D 14. Which  industrialization  policy  used  by  developing  countries  places  emphasis  on the  comparative  advantage  principle  as  a  guide  to  resource  allocation? A. Export  promotion. B. Import  substitution. C. International  commodity  agreements. D. Infant  Industry  promotion. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  A 1. The  infant  industry  argument  was  an  important  theoretical  basis  for A. Neo-colonialist  theory  of  international  exploitation. B. Import  Ã¢â‚¬â€œÃ‚  substituting  industrialization. C. Historiography  of  the  industrial  revolution  in  Western  Europe. D. East-Asian  miracle. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  B 6. The  wage  differential  theory  which  argued  that  shifting  resources  from  agriculture to  manufacturing  entailed  positive  social  benefits  implied  that A. Free  trade  policies  would  promote  competitiveness. B. Free  trade  policies  would  promote  economic  growth  for  both  static  and dynamic  reasons. C. Protectionism  was  likely  to  lead  to  economic  stagnation. D. Protectionism  and  import  substitution  was  likely  to  promote  economic growth. Answer:  D 12. Which  trade  strategy  have  developing  countries  used  to  restrict  imports  of manufactured  goods  so  that  the  domestic  market  is  preserved  for  home  producers, who  thus  can  take  over  markets  already  established  in  the  country? A. International  commodity  agreement. B. Export  promotion. C. Multilateral  contract. D. Import  substitution. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  D 18. Import  substitution  policies  make  use  of A. Tariffs  that  discourage  goods  from  entering  a  country. B. Quotas  applied  to  goods  that  are  shipped  abroad. C. Production  subsidies  granted  to  industries  with  comparative  advantage. D. Tax  breaks  granted  to  industries  with  comparative  advantage. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  A 25. The  infant  industry  argument  is  that A. Comparative  advantage  is  irrelevant  to  economic  growth B. Developing  countries  have  a  comparative  advantage  in  agricultural  goods. C. Developing  countries  have  a  comparative  advantage  in  manufacturing. D. Developing  countries  have  a  potential  comparative  advantage  in manufacturing. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  D 26. The  infant  industry  argument  calls  for  active  government  involvement A. Only  if  the  government  forecasts  are  accurate. B. Only  if  some  market  failure  can  be  identified. C. Only  if  the  industry  is  not  one  already  dominated  by  industrial  countries. D. Only  if  the  industry  has  a  high  value  added. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  B 30. Import  substitution  policies  have  over  time  tended  to  involve  all  but  the  following A. Overlapping  import  quotas. B. Exchange  controls. C. Domestic  content  rules. D. Simple  tariffs. E. Multiple  exchange  rate  schemes. Answer:  D 35. The  HPAE  (High  Performance  Asian  Economies)  countries A. Have  all  consistently  supported  free  trade  policies. B. Have  all  consistently  maintained  import-substitution  policies. C. Have  all  consistently  maintained  non-biased  efficient  free  capital  markets . D. Have  all  maintained  openness  to  international  trade. E. None  of  the  above. Answer:  D ================================ch11========================== 1. The  world’s  economies  can  be  divided  into  four  main  categories  according  to their  annual  per-capita  income  levels:  low-income,  lower  middle-income,  upper middle-  income  and  high-income  economies. What  category  would  Pakistan  and India  fall  under? A. Low-income B. Upper  middle-  income C. High-income D. Lower  middle-income E. Pakistan  and  India  fall  between  lower-middle  and  upper-middle Answer:  A 2. While  many  developing  countries  have  reformed  their  economies  in  order  to imitate  the  success  of  the  successful  industrial  economies,  the  process  remains incomplete  and  most  developing  countries  tend  to  be  characterized  by  all  of  the following  except: A. Seigniorage B. Control  of  capital  movements  by  limiting  foreign  exchange  transactions connected  with  trade  in  assets. C. Use  of  natural  resources  or  agricultural  commodities  as  an  important  share of  exports. D. A  worse  job  of  directing  savings  toward  their  most  efficient  investment uses. E. Reduced  corruption  and  poverty  due  to  limited  underground  markets. Answer:  E 4. Compared  with  industrialized  economies,  most  developing  countries  are  poor  in the  factors  of  production  essential  to  modern  industry:  These  factors  are A. capital  and  skilled  labor B. capital  and  unskilled  labor C. fertile  land  and  unskilled  labor D. fertile  land  and  skilled  labor E. water  and  capital Answer:  A 5. The  main  factors  that  discourage  investment  in  capital  and  skills  in  developing countries  are: A. olitical  instability,  insecure  property  rights B. political  instability,  insecure  property  rights,  misguided  economic  policies C. political  instability,  misguided  economic  po licies D. political  instability E. insecure  property  rights,  misguided  economic  policies Answer:  B 6. The  world’s  economies  can  be  divided  into  four  main  categories  according  to their  annual  per-capita  income  levels:  low-income,  lower  middle-income,  upper middle-  income  and  high-income  economies. What  category  would  sub-Saharan Africa  fall  under? A. Low-income B. Upper  middle-  income C. High-income D. Lower  middle-income E. Sub-Saharan  Africa  falls  between  lower-middle  and  upper-middle Answer:  A 7. The  world’s  economies  can  be  divided  into  four  main  categories  according  to their  annual  per-capita  income  levels:  low-income,  lower  middle-income,  upper middle-  income  and  high-income  economies. What  category  would  mainland China  fall  under? A. Low-income B. Upper  middle-  income C. High-income D. Lower  middle-income Answer:  B 8. The  world’s  economies  can  be  divided  into  four  main  categories  according  to their  annual  per-capita  income  levels:  low-income,  lower  middle-income,  upper middle-  income  and  high-income  economies. What  category  would  the  smaller Latin  American  and  Caribbean  countries  fall  under? A. Low-income B. Upper  middle-  income C. High-income D. Lower  middle-income E. Smaller  Latin  American  and  Caribbean  countries  fall  between  low  income and  lower  middle  income Answer:  D 9. The  world’s  economies  can  be  divided  into  four  main  categories  according  to their  annual  per-capita  income  levels:  low-income,  lower  middle-income,  upper middle-  income  and  high-income  economies. What  category  would  the  Saudi Arabia  falls  under? A. Low-income B. Upper  middle-  income C. High-income D. Lower  middle-income E. Saudi  Arabia  falls  between  low  income  and  lower  middle  income economies Answer:  B 10. The  world’s  economies  can  be  divided  into  four  main  categories  according  to their  annual  per-capita  income  levels:  low-income,  lower  middle-income,  upper middle-  income  and  high-income  economies. What  category  would  the  Turkey falls  under? A. Low-income B. Upper  middle-  income C. High-income D. Lower  middle-income E. Turkey  falls  between  low  income  and  lower  middle  income  economies Answer:  B 11. The  world’s  economies  can  be  divided  into  four  main  categories  according  to their  annual  per-capita  income  levels:  low-income,  lower  middle-income,  upper middle-  income  and  high-income  economies. What  category  would  the  Poland, Hungary,  and  the  Czech  and  Slovak  Republics  fall  under? A. Low-income B. Upper  middle-  income C. High-income D. Lower  middle-income E. Poland,  Hungary,  and  the  Czech  and  Slovak  Republics  fall  between  low income  and  lower  middle  income  economies Answer:  B How to cite Pie 123, Papers

E Business Systems Business Promotion

Question: Discuss about theE Business Systemsfor Business Promotion. Answer: Introduction With the advent of technology, the word of mouth strategy of business promotion has been replaced by the aggressive policy of social media promotion. Nowadays, most of the business organizations set up their own website page, whereby they not only communicate with the customers, but keep them updated about the recent happening of the organization. Providing a variety of information, engaging the customers in an impressive way, through the smart presentation of the facts via an eye soothing website is all a company needs to prosper. Although most of the organizations have opened up a website of the own, very few of them are able to grab the attention of the visitors. Hence, the present task intends to consider the important restaurant organizations operating in the restaurant industry- KFC, McDonalds, Burger King and Aldeerah, and critically analyze the effectiveness of their websites in terms of the 7C Model. Analysis of the Websites in Terms of 7C Model The 7C model of website analysis consists of context, connection, content, community, customization, commerce and communication. The different aspects of the model are used to analyze the websites of the companies in the fast food restaurant sector among the world. It can be seen that an ideal website will contain all these aspects in a right proportion so that the user can experience satisfaction in using this website (Akincilar Dagdeviren, 2014). The context of the websites of four companies should portray the screen to face customer interface which can be categorized as functionality and aesthetics. The color scheme, aesthetics, section breakdown, functionality of the websites must be up to the mark. The content features about the appeal mix, multimedia mix, timeliness mix, product dominant, category killer, information, specialty store, service dominant, etc. The community can be defined as the cohesion, relationship, effectiveness, self-regulation, language, interaction tools, c ommunity classifications, etc. In terms of customization, it can be classified as tailoring, personalization, generic, etc (Gehrels, Wienen Mendes, 2016). The aspect of commerce includes the functional features of e-commerce. The types of connection used are outside links, popup windows, outsourced content, etc. The aspect of communication includes interactive, broadcast, hybrid, etc. Findings Introduction of the Industry The fast food restaurant is one of the growing industries in the world along with number of changes the companies are adopting in order to cope up with the change in food trends by the consumers of the world. The consumers have a different pattern of trend in different parts of the world. However, KFC, McDonalds and Burger King are considered as the most popular restaurants that have their presence across different parts of the world. Apart from that, it can be said that the restaurant chosen in the Middle East is Aldeerah that is based on Saudi Arabia (Burger King, 2017). The restaurant is known for providing Saudi Arabian cuisine to the customers. The uniqueness of the restaurant is to provide hospitality service to attract people from crafts and arts with its traditional approach to the customers. These websites are chosen because in the fast food industry these three companies are the most popular companies in the world in terms of market reputation, profitability, products and s ervice, website content, online and offline services. On the other hand, the restaurant selected in the Middle East is Aldeerah, is popularly known for serving Saudi Arabian cuisine to the customers of Saudi Arabia (Aldeerah, 2017). Identification of Content The content of the websites of KFC, Burger King, Mc Donalds and Aldeerah are compared to one another. It can be said that the website content of Aldeerah is not upgraded. The easiness of the availability of the content is more or less same in terms of the description of the products and services available in the company (KFC, 2017). Aldeerah has the website that defines the Saudi Arabian cuisine mainly. The different types of other facilities that the company is providing to the customers are not properly defined in it. By comparing the website content of these three fast food restaurants, it can be said that Aldeerah will not attract customers more like that of these three companies do across the world (Fernndez-Cavia et al., 2014). Navigation of Pages The navigation of pages of McDonalds and Burger King are more flexible than Aldeerah. As it is already mentioned earlier that the website contents are not properly arranged like that of the other contents of the different companies, hence the user will not find the aspect of navigation properly in Aldeerah whereas they will experience smoothly while viewing websites of McDonalds, Burger King and KFC (Maher et al., 2014). Use of Graphics and Animation It can be seen that the websites that use more graphics and animation more in order to educate the viewers are found to be more popular like that of the websites that are informative in terms of content but lacks in graphics and animations. As these companies belong to the fast food categories, hence graphics and animations of the food items are necessary. People who do not have the idea of the foods that the companies are selling will have the idea of the foods that will help them to go to the restaurant or order online from the website itself. Aldeerah do not have much graphics and animation of the foods (Sturiale Trovato, 2015). Linking Capabilities of Web The linking capability of Aldeerah is not so much improved when it is compared to the web pages of the other three restaurants of Mc Donalds, KFC and Burger King. The web pages of the three American fast food giants provide information that are linked with the pages of other aspects such as the pages of the menus and the special offers are linked with one another so that they can give a detailed information about the details of the every food menu (McDonald's, 2017). On the other hand, there are no web pages that are linked with each other and any types of special discounts and offers to the foods and beverages they provide to the Saudi Arabian consumers (Stern Zinkhan, 2015). Moreover, it can be said that the information in the web pages of Aldeerah are incomplete and will not attract consumers easily for increasing the sales of the company. Privacy Policy Privacy policy in terms of online ordering is an important aspect that the companies must provide in their websites for customer security and other security compliances. It can be said that the websites of Burger King, KFC, McDonalds, etc have separate web page for privacy policies that will help in customer security during ordering online. There is a separate page for FAQs that educate the customers regarding the security purpose of the online transaction of the customers while ordering foods from the websites (Wirtz et al., 2016). Aldeerah do not have this facility for its customers in Saudi Arabia. It has a page of contact us that provide the contact number and contact address of the restaurant. Recommendations It can be said that Aldeerah need much improvement in their website in order to improve the experience of the user who are viewing the website of the company as it is related to market reputation as well as increased profitability of the company. Following are the recommendations suggested to the company for its development of the user experience of the web viewers. It would add information about its recent activities It might add graphics and animations of the food items It would include promotional offers and discounts of the food The linkage of the pages might be improved The content will be improved so that it can attract customers Technology can be used to develop the website by animation and 3D systems (Alrousan Jones, 2016). Conclusion To conclude, it would be important to state that the layout, style , color or the content of a website largely determine the extent to which a website would be able to grab the attention of its clients. After analyzing the websites through the 7C model, it has been observed that Burger King has the best website among the four organizations. The layout is bright and clear, with a prominent picture of a dainty burger, boasting of its taste and quality alike. It is in itself a rich source of information offering the consumers knowledge about the recently launched offers, discounts and new food products available. The site also enables its customers gain access to the link from where the consumers can download the app of the website and thus it helps the consumers in a considerable way. On the other hand, the website of Aldeerah is not that impressive. Being a typical Saudi Arabian restaurant chain, the style and layout is being created in a rather magical, exotic and enchanted way that speaks of its orientalism. However, it has very limited options, and the visitor cannot easily navigate among the pages. The website is not regularly being maintained, and except the menu and the contact number, the consumers will not get any valuable information. The absence of background information or well-maintained photo gallery, and lack of appealing quality of a rather slow website, makes it the least impressive one. Reference List: Akincilar, A., Dagdeviren, M. (2014).A hybrid multi-criteria decision making model to evaluate hotel websites.International Journal of Hospitality Management,36, 263-271. Aldeerah. (2017).Saudi Restaurant - Middle Eastern - Food .Aldeerah.us. Retrieved 23 April 2017, from https://aldeerah.us/#/about-us/ Alrousan, M. K., Jones, E. (2016). A conceptual model of factors affecting e-commerce adoption by SME owner/managers in Jordan.International Journal of Business Information Systems,21(3), 269-308. Burger King. (2017).BURGER KING Get Fresh offers 2 for $5.BURGER KING. Retrieved 23 April 2017, from https://www.bk.com/offers Fernndez-Cavia, J., Rovira, C., Daz-Luque, P., Cavaller, V. (2014).Web Quality Index (WQI) for official tourist destination websites.Proposal for an assessment system.Tourism management perspectives,9, 5-13. Gehrels, S., Wienen, N., Mendes, J. (2016). Comparing hotels employer brand effectiveness through social media and websites.Research in Hospitality Management,6(2), 163-170. KFC. (2017).Delivery Offers | KFC.Online.kfc.co.in. Retrieved 23 April 2017, from https://online.kfc.co.in/offer/listing Maher, C. A., Lewis, L. K., Ferrar, K., Marshall, S., De Bourdeaudhuij, I., Vandelanotte, C. (2014). Are health behavior change interventions that use online social networks effective? A systematic review.Journal of medical Internet research,16(2), e40. McDonald's. (2017).McDonalds Burgers: Whats New on our Menu.Mcdelivery.co.in. Retrieved 23 April 2017, from https://www.mcdelivery.co.in/Categories/What's-New Stern, B. B., Zinkhan, G. M. (2015). Netvertising Image Communication Model (NICM).Advertising, Promotion, and New Media, 30. Sturiale, L., Trovato, M. R. (2015). Cultural resources, local products and technological innovations: a possible web marketing model to support of the Val di Notos development.Aestimum, 279-292. Wirtz, B. W., Pistoia, A., Ullrich, S., Gttel, V. (2016). Business models: Origin, development and future research perspectives.Long Range Planning,49(1), 36-54.

Dress Code For Nurses Essay Example

Dress Code For Nurses Paper The issue of a dress code for nurses has been quite controversial for some time now. Interlinked with the discussion on a dress code are often allusions as to the reintroduction of mandatory uniform for nurses. Recent trends are revealing nurses adopting alternate styles of dress on the job. These new styles are the primary causes of contention. The traditional all-white outfit with its corresponding cap and flat white shoes has long been the image held of nursing uniform worldwide. This uniform has distinguished nursing as a reputable profession and has suggested a level of pride and partnership among its wearers. The image of the nursing uniform has now changed. However nurses should portray a uniformed appearance as this is what distinguishes it as a noble profession. There are two sides of the debate. In one view, the requirement for nurses to wear uniform is outdated and now relic of the past. Others contend that wearing a uniform is essential in order to maintain the professional respect nurses have long been struggling for and to ensure effective service to patients (Spragley Francis, 2006, p. 55). The nursing uniform has undergone several changes overtime and those changes reflect overall changes in the nursing profession. During the Crimean war the Florence Nightingale era saw nurses dressed in a long-sleeved gray tweed dress with full-length skirts a matching woolen jacket, a cape, a brown scarf embroidered with the name of the hospital and the plain white cape. Similarly during the Civil War the nurses of the Union army dressed plainly in either brown, black or gray dresses, together with a white apron and a white bonnet (Houweling, 2004, p. We will write a custom essay sample on Dress Code For Nurses specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Dress Code For Nurses specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Dress Code For Nurses specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer 41). Uniform during these war times was essential as an identifier for the wounded soldiers who had to seek assistance from these health workers. When the profession began to be more formalized in its recruitment and training of nurses, training schools for nursing overtime saw it fit to institute uniform policies as a way of maintaining control over the students. As the field of nursing began to gain much esteem in the public eye variations in the color of uniforms worn came to represent rank within the profession (Houweling, 2004, p. 43). By the 1940s the color white, which was equated with sterility, was the color of nursing uniforms across the United States. The white uniform therefore came to represent the nursing profession and everything it symbolized. More recently however, the view of the public and some nurses within the profession has changed with respect to uniforms. Nurses are now modifying their mode of dress in conformity to changes in popular trends. Popular styles in clothing, shoes and clogs are being adopted by nurses and stylishness now seems to take precedence over practicality and comfort (Cohen, 2007, p. 56). Furthermore the traditional white has now been replaced, in most hospitals within the United States, by scrubs of varying colors and print (Burn, 2006). Nurses have argued that scrubs are much more comfortable in the workplace. Furthermore scrubs are believed to be of superior quality to uniforms as well as more fashionable and functional (Spragley Francis, 2006, p. 57). However, it appears that nurses are taking the wearing of scrubs to the extreme as they are now adopting any and all colors and designs including â€Å"solids, stripes, plaids, cartoons, and any other design or color imaginable† (Ibid, 57). Some are of the opinion that it hardly matters what a nurse wears. Spragley and Francis (2006) are, however, of the view that a nurse’s style of dress presents a very lasting impression on patients (p. 56). Furthermore research has found that the wearing of a uniform is more often than not associated with professionalism. Additionally a uniform connotes power for its wearers. There has also been a demonstrated correlation between the wearing of a nurses’ uniform on identity, modesty, occupational health, status, power and safety (Ibid). Burn (2006) contends that the way nurses have modified their mode of dress is contributing to the poor light in which they are now viewed by the public. Furthermore, decreasing esteem for the nursing profession is having other serious effects particularly in creating and worsening the nursing shortages being experienced nationwide. One major objection to uniforms by nurses is that they wish to be identified with what they do, which is demonstration of their capabilities, knowledge and experience rather than with what they wear (Spragley Francis, 2006, p. 56). A further objection is that uniforms lack individuality. Nurses, arguing against restrictions in the way they dress and correspondingly on proposals for nursing uniforms, have put forward the First Amendment argument. They contend that, as per the U. S. Constitution, they have the right to free speech and mode of dress which includes the wearing of adornments and body piercings (Smith, 2003, p. 22). However, for the sake of safety it is necessary that restrictions be made on the way nurses dress, the type of jewelry they wear and the present of tattoos on their bodies (Cohen, 2007, p. 56). While administrators cannot arbitrarily restrict dress, explicit guidelines must be laid down and enforced to ensure that nurses comply with dress code specifications (Smith, 2003). Nevertheless a uniform is essential for several practical reasons. Within the hospitals nowadays not only nurses but most hospital workers are wearing scrubs so it is difficult to distinguish between nurses, doctors, housekeepers and others, without the aid of a name tag. The name tag is visible only up close making it difficult for patients to immediately identify a nurse for assistance. However, as Spragley and Francis (2006) emphasize, it is essential they nurses are easily identifiable. A uniform is one such way of identifying nurses easily. There are many other feasible reasons for the wearing of the uniform but the most pertinent must be consideration of the best interest of the patients that are served by these nurses. REFERENCES Burn, J. (2006, Mar). An experiment in white: One nurses attempt to identify a profession by uniform. American Journal of Nursing, 106(3), 64A-64C. Cohen, S. (2007, Jan). Look professional while motivating staff toward certification. Nursing Management, 38(1), 56. Houweling, L. (2004, Apr). Image, function, and style: A history of the nursing uniform. American Journal of Nursing, 104(4), 40-48. Smith M. H. (2003, Feb). Body adornment: Know the limits. Nursing Management, 34(2), 22-24. Spragley, F. Francis, K. (2006, Oct). Nursing uniforms: Professional symbol or outdated relic? Nursing Management, 37(10), 55-58.

Chinese Cuisine Essay Example

Chinese Cuisine Essay Example Chinese Cuisine Essay Chinese Cuisine Essay Wow, What a Difference! All over the world every culture has a unique and special cuisine. Each cuisine is very different because it can range from the different tastes to the different methods of cooking the food. However Chinese cuisine and American cuisine stand out the most because they are completely different and value different things. Chinese cuisine is a very versatile type of cuisine because there are many styles of Chinese food that make up the Chinese cuisine. These styles of Chinese food originate from the many provinces in China. Like the Chinese cuisine, American cuisine is also very diverse, but most of the cuisine is a combination of many different culture’s food styles because America was the melting pot for many ethnic backgrounds. Therefore American cuisine is made up of many other culture’s cuisine. Because of these varieties, both these cuisines are able to attract a great group of people which makes them favorites of many people all over the world. In China many of the people love eating different styles of food because they offer so many different tastes. There are a total of 8 styles of culinary arts; a few are Cantonese, Szechuan, Hunan, and Zhejiang. Cantonese style comes from the Southeast Coast next to Hong Kong and the cuisine is the most popular of all because the chefs value the sweetness of their dishes. Cantonese cuisine is so popular because when Chinese immigrants came to America they introduced it to the western world. Another popular style of cuisine is Szechuan and it attracts many people with a love for spicy food. This style originated from the middle part of China, and values the use of spicy sauces and spicy pastes to create dishes that give the people’s taste buds a sensation. The next style is Hunan which originated from the East part of China, and is most known for its spicy food too. This style is very similar to the Szechuan style, but the chefs tend to use fresh and dried peppers rather than sauces. Also Hunan dishes appear to be more attractive than Szechuan style because most of the dishes are not covered in sauce and paste like the Szechuan style. Overall both of these spicy styles are equally as delicious. One last style is the Zhejiang style which comes from the East Coast of China, and known for its freshness, tenderness, softness, and crispness dishes. Because this style originated from the coast, most of the food is seafood. There are many traditions to Chinese cuisine. All the dishes are served separately either on a plate or in a bowl. Never is one’s food served all on one plate. Then there is an empty plate for you to put your food. Another tradition is that it is ideal to eat more of the dishes than rice because rice is a complimentary item during each eating course. The main utensil for eating Chinese cuisine are chopsticks, and it has many uses ranging from grabbing food to drinking soup. All in all, Chinese cuisine is very unique and something worth trying. Because America was the melting pot, American cuisine includes Latin, Asian, and European tastes. Latin styles of cooking introduced the use of beans and flour. With flour, the American cuisine produces a lot of breads and wraps. Asian cooking introduced the sweet and sour taste and rice became one of the major sources for Americans to get their daily need of whole grains. Also, Asian cuisine introduced soy and the many uses of fish. Lastly European styles of cooking introduced delicacy of luxurious pastas and desserts. Like Chinese cuisine, there are also many traditions. American cuisine is usually served on a plate with all the dishes. The utensils used are mainly a spoon, knife, and a fork to pick up and cut the food. In conclusion, American cuisine is diverse because of America being a melting pot for many cultures to combine and form this type of cuisine.

Tracking a Quotation

Tracking a Quotation Tracking a Quotation Tracking a Quotation By Maeve Maddox When a reader asked about the use of brackets in a recent email, I started to refer him to my post When and How to Use Brackets and leave it at that. Curiosity overcame me, however, and I tried to track down the complete original. Heres the quotation that prompted the readers question: [Well] probably never quite know who was the greatest of all time in tennis, Federer told reporters. ABC News (Australia) Heres the readers question: Is it the case that the journalist is inputting the word Well in order to make the quote from Federer more understandable as he left the word out in his verbal quote or rather that the word well is referring to an unknown group of people and the reader is to assume who the people are? What appears to be the original quotation appears at Yahoo Sports. The story is credited to AP tennis writer Howard Fendrich: Ask Federer to rank who the best players in history are and he won’t take the bait, saying something like what he said in Australia this week: â€Å"Probably never quite know who was the greatest of all-time in tennis, and I think that’s quite intriguing as well.† Writer Fendrich avoids the problem of correcting the conversational original by placing it after a colon. The reader can assume that all the words within the quotation marks are exactly what Federer said. In the ABC story, a writer or an editor preferred to use the he said construction so the bracketed [Well] was inserted. Thats ok. The brackets announce that the contraction did not appear in Federers original comment. However, if one reader found this Well confusing, chances are that others did too. A third site using the Federer quotation uses the Well and drops the brackets: Well probably never quite know who was the greatest of all time in tennis, and I think thats quite intriguing as well, he said. TVNZ Different genres have different requirements. The writer of narrative non-fiction has the leeway to improve quotations. The writer of straight news has an obligation to quote exactly. The transformation of the Federer quotation is interesting, not because it resulted in any major misrepresentation of what he said, but because it shows how quotations can mutate in the media. Direct quotations enliven writing, but sometimes an indirect quotation that embeds a few words of the original may be a more accurate, less confusing way to go. For example: Federer declined to rank the greatest all-time tennis players. He said that because of generational differences, we can never quite know who was the greatest. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Punctuation category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:When to use "on" and when to use "in"What is Dative Case?Uses of the Past Participle

Italian luxuries Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Italian luxuries - Research Paper Example Italy has produced famous artists, painters, actors of all time including Leonardo Da Vinci, Amy Adams, and Rose McGowan etc. As far as the fashion is concerned Italy is jam packed with fashion and luxurious houses like Giorgio Armani, Laura Biagiotti, Bottega Veneta, Brioni, Roberto Cavalli, Corneliani, Brunello Cucinelli, Dolce & Gabbana, Dsquared2, Etro, Fendi, Salvatore Ferragamo, Alberta Ferretti, Gucci, Krizia, Loro Piana, Marni, Max Mara, Missoni, Miu Miu, Moschino, Prada, Emilio Pucci, Trussardi, Valentino, Versace, Tods and the list goes on. Italy was into fashion right from the beginning of Renaissance period. Italian fashion is appreciated all across the globe and its fashion shows including Milan Fashion Week is regarded as one of the biggest show in which variety of designers take part to present their fashion skills. Italy, also known as Italian Republic, is situated in the southern Europe so its most of the fashion styles are similar to the other high class fashionable countries of Europe including Germany, France, United Kingdom and Spain. Moreover Milan, Florence and Rome are generally considered to be one of the biggest fashion capitals of the world along with London, Paris and New York. Italian luxuries are not only famous only in Europe but also whole across the globe. One who’s not familiar with Bottega Veneta simple has no right to live according to most of the high class fashion designers of Vicenza. It was founded in 1966 and now comes under the multinational group Kering, formerly known as Gucci Group. It is famous for producing high quality leather goods including fashionable and stylish leather bags, clutches, bracelets, watches and wallets. Bottega Veneta also serve its customers with exquisite fragrances, furniture and home accessories. Versace is one of the leading brands in Italy. It was founded in 1978 by Gianni Versace. Versace serves wide range of ready-to-wear products including bags,

White Privilege.Views About White Previlige Essay

White Privilege.Views About White Previlige - Essay Example It is visible in many examples that dominance of white skin over other races is an instinctive phenomenon and something nobody has to convey in words. Many universities and their teachers are making attempts to counter this mentality of instinctive domination and privilege of whites over so called colored people. As more efforts are made to bring this sensitive issue of racism into lime light, the young students have started to feel more uncomfortable. This is because of the formation of American society where whites, blacks and many other races of people have lived together and now are immuned to all such gestures, feelings, terms and ways which could be considered racist in the past. Now in the classroom when such subjects are touched for discussion the white students often switch to defensive mode considering themselves a target of criticism and present arguments to show how much space they provide to other ethnicities. On the other hand the colored students also find themselves uncomfortable to be discussed as separate and distinct part of the nation as it only provokes prejudice against them. Following have been a common outcome of all efforts to raise this issue. The idea behind such efforts is to teach students from all races to understand how their behaviors have been shaped and what have been the consequences of discriminations.

Voyages Essay Example for Free

Voyages Essay People dont always reach their goals, the result sometimes ends up being drastically different then what was originally planned. That situation has happened many times in transoceanic expeditions in the Early Modern Era. The following either reached their expected goal or resulted in something different then what was expected to happen. The first is voyages of Ming Admiral Zheng He. Zheng He led seven expeditions to the Indian Ocean. The expeditions established the Ming dynastys Indian Ocean trade links. He went on these seven voyages in serch of precious land and traded goods that he would bring back to his homeland in China. His voyages went smoothly, resulting in new finds of land and new trading goods that would be higly regarded in China where is was rare. Zheng He reached his goal and actually recieved higher than what was expected. The second is the Portuguese exploration of the coast of Africa. The Portuguese were curious about Africa and their goal was to explore the west coast of Africa and find rare treasures to trade and to convert the Africans to christianity. When they arrived on the West African Coast their curiosity dissapated and they soon realized they would enslave the Africans and have human trafficking of them take place from then on. Their goal was short and simple, to convert people to Christianity. Instead of reaching their goal they reached a new goal that was not planned. They expected different but were more than happy with the results that happend.

Essay --

The novel A Thousand Splendid Suns by Khaled Hosseini, is well written and a must read for teenagers across America. This novel mainly focuses on the treatment of women and the friendship of women in Afghanistan, and is relatable to many women, mainly in the Middle East. The book takes the reader through the tough lives of two women, Mariam and Laila. These two women have grown up in different environments and were treated very differently from each other. This book shows the unity and strength of two women who stand against their abusive husband and every obstacle they come face to face with. The book starts off in a poor village where Mariam lives with her mother, Nana. Her father, Jalil, is a very wealthy man from Herat who visits her once a week. Since Mariam was born, her mother has always called her names. Nana constantly told her she was a worthless bastard because her father had an affair with his servant, who was Nana at the time. After Nana found out she was pregnant, Jalil and his three wives kicked her out, as it would hurt their reputation. Since Mariam is a girl, no one saw any value in her. Mariam soon learns the truth after she sneaks off to her father’s house to meet him despite her mother’s wishes. At her father’s house she is told to go home as her father is away on a business trip. Mariam refuses to leave and is forced to sleep outside, poorly treated. In the morning, she goes to the yard and sees Jalil’s face in the window, shocked to understand her mother was right all along. When Mariam returns home to apologize to Nana, she finds her dead body hanging. After her mother’s death, Jalil and his three wives force fifteen year old Mariam to marry forty-five year old shoemaker, Rasheed. Years passed in their ma... ... much as its men. He was a teacher before the war so he taught Laila at home as well. Although Laila was educated and Mariam was not, the respect they both had for each other was equal. This novel has a very powerful message for men and women. One gender should not dominate over the other. Equality is important for stability in every relationship and every country. The importance of women should be recognized and this novel briefly shows the power of unity and strength. Men and woman both have different roles, and both should equally have their share in society. The novel, A Thousand Splendid Suns is a must read for everyone across the country and share the message. Many women in different countries do not have value and are living life in misery. Women’s rights are worth fighting for and Khaled Hosseini did a marvelous job with displaying this story to the readers.

Road to Hell

Baker, bothered by this, feels he needs to raise the issue and break-through he seams at the last meeting with his successor. Unfortunately, do to the lack of importance of communicating across cultures portrayed by Baker and his unawareness when it comes to his ladder of inference, Baker has unintentionally created a hostile atmosphere which has left the company with no successor as Chief Engineer. The ladder of inference is a common mental pathway of increasing abstraction, often leading to misguided beliefs. The ladder of inference begins with observable data and experiences. Ross, 1994). For example, Baker, as he begins thinking of the credits† and â€Å"debits† associated with Rentals, he claims because Rentals spent four years at London university It has heightened his sensitively to any sign of Dallas coming from expatriates. Baker, by observing what was going on in the work place (Jackson's complaints about Rentals' rudeness), has selected certain data from what he observed and put personal meanings behind it that may be untrue. This has caused him to make assumptions after the meanings he has added to his observations.Rentals' claims that if a Barracking had behaved in an equally obstruct manner he would have reacted in the same way. He claims there are also other people in the company, also expatriates, who felt the same. Baker assumed because Rentals was a Barracking that he would not get along with expatriate senior managers and he was racially conscious. When, In reality, he was of a new Barnacle generation, who was well educated and professional, open to people of other cultures. Because of Baker's assumptions about Rentals he took action without adjusting or realizing his ladder of Inference, damaging the relationship further.Lastly, the reflexive loop, which determines our beliefs that influence what data we will select next time, influences the way Baker continuously feels about Rentals. He continuously feels as thought he has to c orrect Rentals way of being racially conscious without asking Rentals what exactly is going on or how he feels about the situation. Communicating across cultures can be difficult and challenging for all employees in a company, including senior level management. No two groups see the world exactly the same way (Island & Turner, 2011) and through analyzing the case â€Å"The Road to Hell†¦ E can see that this is In fact true. If the ideas behind cross cultural misconception, cross cultural misinterpretation, and cross-cultural miscalculation, are not recognized as Important, companies, Like Continental Ore, can be left with a disastrous situation among managers which leads to poor performance for the company over all. When talking about being aware of cross-cultural selective (Island & Turner, 2011), Baker only noticed how Rental's acted with his fellow Barbarians and only took into account Jackson's complaint. Baker did not care to ask Rentals what was going on.Perception is al so culturally determined (Island & Turner, 2011). Because Baker is European, and Europe has been developed industrially for almost 300 years, he felt that his race was superior to that of the Barbarians because Barbarians had Just begun tapping into the industrial growth that the rest of the world had already seen. Although this may have been accurate, making a stereotype that all Barbarians are â€Å"behind† offended Rentals and his culture. Although Baker may have not intended to offend Rentals, Rentals may have misinterpreted what Baker was actually trying to say.This is an example of cross- cultural misinterpretation: this occurs when an individual gives meaning to observations and their relationships (Island & Turner, 2011). Because Rentals studied in London and represents the professional educated Barracking, he is sensitive to racial issues and he misinterpreted Baker's casual references to European history as putting down his country. What Baker did was stereotype all Barbarians when really Rentals' was part of the professional, well educated, new generation of Barbarians with different viewpoints.Stereotyping, a form of disintegration that organizes our experience and guides our behavior toward ethnic and national groups, is only effective when people understand other cultures but act appropriate in new situations. Baker failed to do this. Baker also miscalculated Rentals. People often use their own culture as a standard of measurement; they label their own culture as â€Å"good† and other cultures as â€Å"bad† (Island & Turner, 2011). Baker labeled the European culture as good and the Barracking culture as bad because they have not been developing identical to the way European nations have developed.The first action I would take, if I were Baker, would be to think about why Rentals could possibly feel this way and I would also consult a friend or colleague. Once I figured out what I did to cause this I would call Rentals and ask him to come in and speak with me again and attempt to apologize and explain that you know exactly what you did to upset him and explain how big of an asset he is to the company. I would also investigate further what is really going on between Rentals and the expatriates working for the company and have a potential meeting with all employees involved. Samaritan Mahoney Road to Hell Baker, bothered by this, feels he needs to raise the issue and break-through he seams at the last meeting with his successor. Unfortunately, do to the lack of importance of communicating across cultures portrayed by Baker and his unawareness when it comes to his ladder of inference, Baker has unintentionally created a hostile atmosphere which has left the company with no successor as Chief Engineer. The ladder of inference is a common mental pathway of increasing abstraction, often leading to misguided beliefs. The ladder of inference begins with observable data and experiences. Ross, 1994). For example, Baker, as he begins thinking of the credits† and â€Å"debits† associated with Rentals, he claims because Rentals spent four years at London university It has heightened his sensitively to any sign of Dallas coming from expatriates. Baker, by observing what was going on in the work place (Jackson's complaints about Rentals' rudeness), has selected certain data from what he observed and put personal meanings behind it that may be untrue. This has caused him to make assumptions after the meanings he has added to his observations.Rentals' claims that if a Barracking had behaved in an equally obstruct manner he would have reacted in the same way. He claims there are also other people in the company, also expatriates, who felt the same. Baker assumed because Rentals was a Barracking that he would not get along with expatriate senior managers and he was racially conscious. When, In reality, he was of a new Barnacle generation, who was well educated and professional, open to people of other cultures. Because of Baker's assumptions about Rentals he took action without adjusting or realizing his ladder of Inference, damaging the relationship further.Lastly, the reflexive loop, which determines our beliefs that influence what data we will select next time, influences the way Baker continuously feels about Rentals. He continuously feels as thought he has to c orrect Rentals way of being racially conscious without asking Rentals what exactly is going on or how he feels about the situation. Communicating across cultures can be difficult and challenging for all employees in a company, including senior level management. No two groups see the world exactly the same way (Island & Turner, 2011) and through analyzing the case â€Å"The Road to Hell†¦ E can see that this is In fact true. If the ideas behind cross cultural misconception, cross cultural misinterpretation, and cross-cultural miscalculation, are not recognized as Important, companies, Like Continental Ore, can be left with a disastrous situation among managers which leads to poor performance for the company over all. When talking about being aware of cross-cultural selective (Island & Turner, 2011), Baker only noticed how Rental's acted with his fellow Barbarians and only took into account Jackson's complaint. Baker did not care to ask Rentals what was going on.Perception is al so culturally determined (Island & Turner, 2011). Because Baker is European, and Europe has been developed industrially for almost 300 years, he felt that his race was superior to that of the Barbarians because Barbarians had Just begun tapping into the industrial growth that the rest of the world had already seen. Although this may have been accurate, making a stereotype that all Barbarians are â€Å"behind† offended Rentals and his culture. Although Baker may have not intended to offend Rentals, Rentals may have misinterpreted what Baker was actually trying to say.This is an example of cross- cultural misinterpretation: this occurs when an individual gives meaning to observations and their relationships (Island & Turner, 2011). Because Rentals studied in London and represents the professional educated Barracking, he is sensitive to racial issues and he misinterpreted Baker's casual references to European history as putting down his country. What Baker did was stereotype all Barbarians when really Rentals' was part of the professional, well educated, new generation of Barbarians with different viewpoints.Stereotyping, a form of disintegration that organizes our experience and guides our behavior toward ethnic and national groups, is only effective when people understand other cultures but act appropriate in new situations. Baker failed to do this. Baker also miscalculated Rentals. People often use their own culture as a standard of measurement; they label their own culture as â€Å"good† and other cultures as â€Å"bad† (Island & Turner, 2011). Baker labeled the European culture as good and the Barracking culture as bad because they have not been developing identical to the way European nations have developed.The first action I would take, if I were Baker, would be to think about why Rentals could possibly feel this way and I would also consult a friend or colleague. Once I figured out what I did to cause this I would call Rentals and ask him to come in and speak with me again and attempt to apologize and explain that you know exactly what you did to upset him and explain how big of an asset he is to the company. I would also investigate further what is really going on between Rentals and the expatriates working for the company and have a potential meeting with all employees involved. Samaritan Mahoney

Can Control of Written Language Create or Reinforce Power? Essay

By Daniel Whiting Language is the basis of communication between people, therefore if you ban the use of specific written language you are banning the communication of the ideas behind that language between people. People will still be able to formulate their ideas about the controversial subject but will find it difficult to spread the news on a large scale. This is because most widespread media is in written form like newspapers, books and most online content. In our history lessons we have studied the rule of Joseph Stalin and how he maintained total control over the USSR. He held strict censorship over the countries newspapers and any literature regarding the Soviet way of life and his riegn. Anything condemning the Bolshevik leadership or critisising them in any way was banned. This clearly helped stop the spread of anti- Stalinist feelings amongst the Russian people and helped grant Stalin unchallenged rule right up until his death. This is similar throughout many single party dictatorships in history for example Nazi Germany and Mao’s China. Many people may argue that banning certain written language is not a way to insure power. They argue that humans will create other words and phrases to get their ideas communicated. For example many famous fable writers even go as far as to disguise the meaning of their stories behind other language that does not literally mean the same thing. This way they could spread their criticism of the other without the risk of being accused of directly defying the ban. The banning of certain written language can have a negative effect on our gaining of knowledge. It is depriving our brains from gaining further information from which we can learn from and use in the future. It can be argued however that most of the banned written language in modern civilized countries in the west for example is banned for the protection of the reader and to stop the spread of problems like racism and sexism. It can be justified because of the fact that it is trying to protect the pillars of modern society rather than deceiving people into oppression that is commonly linked with countries ruled under a ruthless dictatorship. Controlling written language can be overcome through clever tactics that find a way around the ban. However it has been proven to significantly hinder the spread of ideas that may challenge one’s power therefore it can be a useful tool in enforcing and maintaining your power.

U.S.and Lybia Economy essays

U.S.and Lybia Economy essays The economic stability between the United States and Libya is exceedingly distinct. The U.S. has a better stability not only because the country is more develop but also because the education, health, info structure, and labor are higher than what Libya has. In addition, the standard of living and the factors of production in Libya are very deprived. The U.S. has better literacy than Libya. More people in the U.S. know how to read and write. The U.S. expects 97% of the population and everyone over 15 to read and write while Libya has 76.2% of the population and everyone 15 and over to read and write (photius.com). The U.S. is richer than Libya because it has a greater literacy rate. Having a greater literacy rate is important to the economy. This is important because if people cannot read and write the country could not have been well developed. They also would not have the workers ready for the new and advance industries. Many people have to stay home or in their farms helping their families since this is a problem because the children stay home, and they are not learning how to read or write. Having a greater literacy rate also means that the country has money to spend building schools and buying textbooks and other supplies for learning. Libya has spent around $2.3 billion while the U.S. has spent around $115.6 billion in education (terra.com). Since Libya could not spend a lot of money in education, they could not train the workers. This is also one major cause of poverty. People with education not only have the opportunity to maintaining job but with education, it is more likely to be hire in other jobs. For example, a person who talks Spanish yet it was train for an English teacher could be a Spanish and an English teacher since both field related and they have the training. Since the U.S. has a better literacy rate than Libya, it is wealthier. The lower education level in Libya helps explain the poor health ...

Candle Making Basics

Candle Making Basics The use of candles for light and heat is known to have existed in ancient times. The remains of candles have been found in the caves of France. It is believed that cavemen used them while painting and etching on the walls. It is believed those candles where made out of animal fat. The Egyptians used candles as well by dripping beeswax onto leave stems. The burning process of a candle involves the four basic elements of matter which are solids, liquids, gas, and plasma. Today candle making is a fun hobby or craft. For some, it is a very profitable business venture. Candle making provides you with they ability to create wonderful designs and crafts out of your candles. There is no limit to the shapes, sizes, and colors you can make your candles in. A candle is a device to provide light or fragrance. Candles have become very popular for the wonderful aromas more than for their ability to produce light. Some candles give off a popular smell such as vanilla or jasmine. Others smell like a chocolate cake or cinnamon rolls. The body of a candle is generally made of paraffin wax. It can also be made out of beeswax. Paraffin wax is a natural wax that comes from plants. This wax can be purchased from Petroleum Refinery or the Specialty Wax Processor. Beeswax is also considered a natural wax, and is taken from honeybees. This is the substance the bees use to construct their honeycombs. A wick is placed in the center of the wax before it dries. The wick is made of cotton fibers that have been braided together. The wick is very thin, but also very powerful. Sometimes candle makers will use a wick that is wider than normal to increase the size of the flame. Safety is a very important part of candle making. The temperature of the hot wax can result in severe burns. There is also the risk of fire. Make sure your candle making area is set up properly and that you have a fire extinguisher in the area. Clean up spills quickly as they will become very slick, leading to falls if you walk across them. To make candle making fun instead of frustrating, start will making simple candles. This is a great opportunity for you to discover what works well with your set up and gives you the chance to make necessary changes. Initially, work at implementing good safety habits and melting your wax at the proper temperatures. You will also want to experiment with your cooling process. Once you have these areas down, you will start to relax and the process will become more natural to you. This is the right time to start experimenting with dyes, scents, and shapes for your candles. The candle making process is easy to follow if you take your time and learn from your mistakes. Those who are impatient and take multitasking to an extreme will most likely not enjoy the art of candle making. However, it is very enjoyable by those who have plenty of time to take with the process and who enjoy creating things. Candle making supplies aren’t expensive so use the best you can. This will also help ensure your candles form well and burn properly.

Advertising theory Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Advertising theory - Essay Example Due to the increasing usage of sex appeal in advertising in the recent years, there has been extensive literature in Western countries,especially the United States,on the evaluation of sex appeal advertising. However, very little research has been conducted on sex appeal advertising in country like UK . As we all know, UK has become one of the most attractive markets in the world and advertising has become one of its fastest-growing industries. To answer these managerial questions, international advertisers need to understand how British consumers respond to different advertising strategies, including sex appeal strategies. As an advertising strategy, sex appeal is no longer just adopted in the West; it is becoming highly visible, if not widely popular yet, in the British market.This study has been conducted by Sanjay Putrevu. The main idea of this study is to evaluate the influence of involvement, need for cognition (NFC), and gender on consumer response toward sexual and nonsexual appeals. Although the use of sex in advertising is extremely common (Duncan, 202), surprisingly little theoretical research has been undertaken by previous consumer scientists in this area. As Reichert (p. 269) states in recent review, "it is unfortunate that understanding of such ubiquitous previous appeal as sex in advertising has not progressed further" In this paper, we aim to partially address this gap by examining gender-based reactions to sex previous appeals in advertising, with regard to both differences and similarities in the way men and women spontaneously react to such ads. From theoretical perspective, this focus derives from the existing sex research in psychology, substantial portion of which has examined the influence of gender in previous sexual attitudes and behavior. From practical perspective, such an exploration carries obvious implications for managers wishing to understand when and why the use of sex previous appeals might be effective across gender-defined s egments. Although there are many aspects of sex in advertising that could be of interest, we circumscribe our investigation along two dimensions: () We focus on reactions to gratuitous sex previous appeals; and (b) we examine processing of such ads under constrained processing conditions. The rationale for focusing on gratuitous previous sexual appeals is practical one. Ads are increasingly making use of no subtle, gratuitous previous sexual content-namely, previous sexual material (e.g., images) that many are likely to regard as being unnecessarily explicit, perception that is heightened when the image is also irrelevant to the advertised product. This study consists of three studies Study 1: Involvement Study 2: Need for Cognition (NFC) Study 3: Gender Study 1: Involvement The study shows that high involvement respondents produced more negative advertisement implementation and brand thoughts toward the sexual appeals than the non-sexual appeals. These consumers also seem to find the sexual content to be off-putting. These results suggest that sexual appeals may be effectual when targeting low-involvement consumers, but that they might not work well for high-involvement customers. Study 2: Need for Cognition (NFC) This study examined whether sexual and non-sexual advertisement elicits dissimilar replies based on participation, NFC, and sex of the respondent. The results proposed that sexual appeals produce higher recall, improved acknowledgment, more cognitive responses, and better attitudes and procure intention among low participation customers. Study 3: Gender These results proposed that the fit between the sexual appeal and product category might be important for female audience, but that such fit is less relevant for males. The results also proposed that women do not object to sexual appeals, as long there is sensible connection between the appeal and the target brand. Female aversion for sexual appeals seems to emerge when the appeals

Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 93

Essay Example Knowing that everything happens for a reason, not necessarily something we would know at present or even in a lifetime, but just going back to who God is, would give us enough hope & strength to take a significant step of faith each day and eventually allow us to create significance in other people’s lives (Rick Warren: A life of purpose, n.d.). Another inspiring video on leadership would be Stanley McChrystal’s â€Å"Listen, learn, then lead† video. As a military man, he has learned what it is like to go through loss, disappointment, & fear. Just like the reality of life, we may never be far from challenges that create a noise that will make us give up or resent life. However, only in listening in times of doubt will enable one to learn the lessons that are only brought about by pain, and only in experiencing not only joy but also pain will enable one to sympathize and comfort others and lead them to an understanding of the possibility of failure and develop the right attitude to stand up once again. Also, this video reminds me of the saying, â€Å"experience is the best teacher,† where though most of the time we deem painful experiences unnecessary, those are the most effective teachers of wisdom we can apply in every season of our lives & eventually lead others to do the same (Stanley McChrystal: Lis ten, learn ... then lead,

The Reckless Decade Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Reckless Decade - Essay Example Rockefeller. While they amassed wealth for themselves, those at the bottom of the economic heap earned poorly, an account in chapter three given by a journalist, Jacob Riis, which Jane Addams also contributed to. The lords of Chicago and Tammany bosses of New York City corruptibly laid the foundation for a big city government. In the fourth chapter, Brands focuses on the labour movement, giving a description of Eugene Debs’ career, the strike of Pullman and the bizarre incidence involving Coxey’s Army (129). Populism arose due to agricultural depression and immense division on the standard of gold, factors that also promoted the unsuccessful, though democratic presidency bid for William Jennings Bryan. The 1896 Supreme Court ruling of Plessy vs. Ferguson promoted the erosion of black civil rights through acceptance of separate, though equal, measure. The imperialistic country thus found a reason to get involved in Hawaii, the Philippines, Venezuela and Cuba. Thus, Brand s, through this book, gives a vivid narrative of momentous challenges that faced America towards an uncertain future. The author perceives the existence of parallels between the then America and the current one which still faces social, economic, political and technological

Integumentary System Disorders

Integumentary System Disorders This report discusses about disorders of integumentary system their pathophysiology, sign and symptoms and their medications. Skin is an organ of integumentary system which protects our body from several types of harms like it work as an umbrella for deeper tissues and it eliminates the wastes from body in the form of sweat and it also maintain the temperature of human body. Skin Human body is covered by a layer of skin, which has two main layers and it is accounts approximately 10 to 15% weight of human body. Skin works as a barrier against ultra violet radiations. Skin has two layers, epidermis is out and dermis is inner layer of skin. Hypodermis layer is made by adipose tissue thats why it is not consider as a major layer. Epidermis It is surface of the skin which is rest on the fatty subcutaneous layer. Epidermis has four layers stratum germinativum, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosam, and stratum corneum. It doesnt contain blood vessels and totally depends upon dermis for the transportation of nutrients and elimination of the waste. Dermis Dermis is inner layer of human body and it also has two layers papillary layer and reticular layer. Dermis is more complicated in structure. Reticular consists thick layer and thick combinative tissues with large blood vessels and papillary layer is made up of thin layer and loose connective tissues with capillaries and elastic fibres. Hypodermis It is the thickest and innermost layer of the skin which release chitinous cuticle. It is fat storage layer. Hypodermis works as an energy holding part of human body. It converts fat in energy and put back in the circulation and sent it to needy areas via venous route. Functions of skin Skin is the biggest organ of human body in surface and mass. Skin has three main functions. Sensation, regulation and protection. Sensation is a major function of skin, by this function we feels heat, cold, touch and pain. Regulation- skin maintains the body temperature via sweat and hair and also balances the body fluid via sweat. Skin works as a barrier for our body, it prevent our body form ultra violet rays and many bacterial infections. Disorders Stasis dermatitis It is a type of dermatitis. Stasis dermatitis is a common skin inflammatory disease occurs on below the ankles. It occurs due to poor blood circulation and in complicated cases it can progress in ulcers. Usually it happens when blood is collects in the veins of lower legs and that bloods increases pressure in the veins which harms the capillaries. This damage of capillaries forces the proteins to leak in the tissues. This leakage causes legs to swell. Thats why the people suffering with this disease usually have swollen legs, open sores itchy skin. Sign and symptoms A person who is suffering from this disease has some symptoms like in first stage the skin of legs become thin. Skin blemish Prickle Scaling Ulcers, sores Leg swelling Calf pain Heaviness in legs Medications Drug Brand name Dosage Side effects Triamcinolone Triderm, Kenalog 3-4 times daily on effected area. Irritation, hypertrichosis, itching. Pimecrolimus Elidel Apply thin layer q12hr on affected area. Burning sensation, headache. Tacrolimus ointment Protopic Apply thin layer q12hr on affected area. Skin erythema, headache, burning sensation. Cutaneous candidiasis Candidiasis is a skin disorder which occurs by the excessive growth of candida fungus on skin. The person who is suffering from this disease has red rash and itchy skin. In early stages it can be prevent by antifungal creams and powders. It may cause by hot weather, rare undergarment changes, poor hygiene and obesity. Usually candida fungi are developed in warm and moist areas like fold of skin, armpits, under breast and between the fingers. It can also effects nails. Sign and symptoms Ring worms Rash on body Crack on the fold areas Rash on genitals Patches of red and purple colour on hips and under breast. Medications Drug Brand name Dosage Side effects Miconazole fungoid tincture, cavilon antifungal cream Apply twice in a day without rubbing. Irritation, hypersensitivity. Terbinafine, topical Lamisil Apply on folding areas for up to 4 weeks. Allergic reactions, redness and itch. Ketoconazole, topical Nizoral topical, extina Apply once daily for 2-3 weeks Burning sensation, irritation, and allergic reaction.